{"id":115547,"date":"2018-06-23T14:20:15","date_gmt":"2018-06-23T11:20:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/?p=115547"},"modified":"2018-06-23T14:02:25","modified_gmt":"2018-06-23T11:02:25","slug":"meditasyon-gercekten-yaslanmayi-yavaslatabilir-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/meditasyon-gercekten-yaslanmayi-yavaslatabilir-mi","title":{"rendered":"Meditasyon Ger\u00e7ekten Ya\u015flanmay\u0131 Yava\u015flatabilir mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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(Shutterstock*)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Meditasyon\u2019un manevi k\u0131sm\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek bir bilim var m\u0131? Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibi Elizabeth Blackburn var oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/h3>\n

Kaliforniya Santa Monica plaj\u0131nda saat sabah\u0131n yedisi. Yeni do\u011fan g\u00fcne\u015f dalgalar\u0131n y\u00fczeyinde par\u0131ld\u0131yor ve bulutlar hala \u015fafak vaktinin alt\u0131n renginde. Manzara binlerce kilometrelik Pasifik Okyanusunun \u00fczerine uzan\u0131yor. Uzakta, zengin Los Angeles sakinlerinin beyaz villalar\u0131 Hollywood tepelerini i\u015faret ediyor. K\u0131y\u0131da \u00e7ulluklar ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l ku\u015flar\u0131, nemli kumlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde k\u00fcmeleniyor. Su kenar\u0131ndan birka\u00e7 metre ileride, bir avu\u00e7 dolusu insan bacaklar\u0131 \u00e7aprazlanm\u0131\u015f, ba\u011fda\u015f kurmu\u015f oturuyor: yerel bir Budist merkezinin \u00fcyeleri bir saat s\u00fcrecek sessiz bir meditasyona ba\u015flamak \u00fczere.<\/p>\n

Bu t\u00fcr manevi uygulamalar, molek\u00fcler s\u00fcre\u00e7lere ve tekrarlanabilir sonu\u00e7lara odaklanm\u0131\u015f haldeki biyomedikal ara\u015ft\u0131rmalardan \u00e7ok uzak bir d\u00fcnya gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. Yine de San Francisco Kaliforniya \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde (UCSF), Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibi bir biyokimyac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen bir ekip, \u00e7ok az say\u0131da temel bilim insan\u0131n\u0131n girmeye cesaret edece\u011fi bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma konusuna do\u011fru ilerliyor. Bat\u0131 biyokimya d\u00fcnyas\u0131, geleneksel olarak ki\u015fisel deneyim ve duygular\u0131n fiziksel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa etkisi \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan uzak durmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bu bilim adamlar\u0131 ruhsal sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n merkezine yerle\u015ftiriyorlar. Onlar, meditasyonun – Do\u011fu geleneklerinde uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r iddia edildi\u011fi gibi – ya\u015flanmay\u0131 yava\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ya\u015fam\u0131 uzatabilece\u011fini savunan ciddi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda bulunuyorlar.<\/p>\n

\u00a7<\/p>\n

Hayat\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131n ne oldu\u011fu konusu Elizabeth Blackburn\u2019u her zaman b\u00fcy\u00fcledi. 1948\u2019de do\u011fdu. Avustralya Tazmanya\u2019da deniz kenar\u0131ndaki \u00fccra bir kasabada, bah\u00e7eden kar\u0131nca ve plajdan denizanas\u0131 toplayarak b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Bilim kariyerine ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, canl\u0131 sistemlerini molek\u00fcler d\u00fczeyde inceleme yolunu se\u00e7ti. Biyokimyan\u0131n \u00e7ekimine kap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc biyokimya bir s\u00fcrecin \u201cm\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck alt birimi hakk\u0131nda derin bilgiler vererek\u201d eksiksiz ve kusursuz bir \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

1970\u2019lerde Yale\u2019de biyolog Joe Gall\u2019le birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Blackburn, Tetrahymena (onun tan\u0131m\u0131yla \u201cg\u00f6let k\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d) adl\u0131 bir tek h\u00fccreli tatl\u0131 su canl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kromozom u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131ralad\u0131 ve koruyucu bir kapak i\u015flevi g\u00f6ren, tekrarlayan bir DNA motifi ke\u015ffetti. Telomerler olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu kapaklar daha sonra insan kromozomlar\u0131nda da bulundu. H\u00fccrelerimizin b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcp DNA\u2019n\u0131n kopyaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 her seferinde bu kapaklar kromozomlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 korurlar, ancak her b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeyle birlikte y\u0131pran\u0131rlar. 1980\u2019lerde, Berkeley\u2019deki California \u00dcniversitesinde doktora \u00f6\u011frencisi Carol Greider ile birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Blackburn, telomerleri koruyabilen ve yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rabilen telomeraz adl\u0131 bir enzimi ke\u015ffetti. Ne yaparsak yapal\u0131m, telomerlerimiz zamanla k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00c7ok k\u0131sald\u0131klar\u0131nda, h\u00fccrelerimiz i\u015flevlerini yitirmeye ba\u015flar ve b\u00f6l\u00fcnme kabiliyetlerini kaybeder – bu, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ya\u015flanmada \u00f6nemli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak kabul edilen bir olayd\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sonu\u00e7ta Blackburn\u2019e Fizyoloji veya T\u0131p alan\u0131nda 2009 Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc kazand\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda gelen bir ziyaret\u00e7i, ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n gidi\u015fat\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Ziyaret\u00e7i, doktora sonras\u0131 e\u011fitimi i\u00e7in UCSF\u2019nin psikiyatri b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden gelen Elissa Epel idi. Psikiyatristlerle biyokimyac\u0131lar\u0131n genellikle konu\u015facak ortak bir konular\u0131 olmaz. Ama Epel kronik stresin v\u00fccuda verdi\u011fi zararlar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yordu ve bu konuda s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir fikri vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi UCSF\u2019de Ya\u015flanma, Metabolizma ve Duygu Merkezi\u2019nin y\u00f6neticisi olan Epel uzun zamand\u0131r, akl\u0131n ve bedenin nas\u0131l ba\u011flant\u0131 kurdu\u011funu ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca 1930\u2019larda uzun s\u00fcreli strese maruz kalan farelerin nas\u0131l kronik hastal\u0131klara tutulduklar\u0131n\u0131 ilk olarak a\u00e7\u0131klayarak \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an biyolog Hans Selye ve b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl sa\u011fl\u0131k bilgesi Deepak Chopra\u2019dan etkilenmi\u015ftir. Selye, \u201cHer stres silinmez bir iz b\u0131rak\u0131r ve organizma stresli bir durumun ard\u0131ndan biraz daha ya\u015fl\u0131 hale gelerek, hayatta kalmas\u0131n\u0131n bedelini \u00f6der\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

2000\u2019de Epel bu izi bulmak istedi. \u201cH\u00fccrelerin derinliklerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda stres ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu y\u0131pranma ve par\u00e7alanmay\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ebilece\u011fimiz fikri beni etkilemi\u015fti\u201d diyor. Blackburn\u2019un ya\u015flanma ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 okuduktan sonra telomerlerin bu fikre uyup uymayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 merak etti.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6yle \u00fcst d\u00fczey bir bilim insan\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131rken biraz \u00e7ekinen, o zamanlar doktora sonras\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapan Epel,\u00a0 akl\u0131na gelebilecek en stresli durumlardan birini ya\u015fayan – kronik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan bir bebek ta\u015f\u0131yan – anneler hakk\u0131nda bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapmak i\u00e7in, Blackburn\u2019dan yard\u0131m istedi. Epel\u2019in plan\u0131 kad\u0131nlara ne kadar stresli hissettiklerini sormak, sonra kendi zihinsel durumlar\u0131 ile telomerlerinin durumu aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi ara\u015ft\u0131rmakt\u0131. Utah \u00dcniversitesindeki proje ortaklar\u0131 telomer uzunlu\u011funu \u00f6l\u00e7erken, Blackburn\u2019un ekibi telomeraz d\u00fczeylerini \u00f6l\u00e7ecekti.<\/p>\n

Blackburn ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n bu noktas\u0131na kadar laboratuvarda m\u00fckemmel ko\u015fullarda, hassas bir \u015fekilde kontrol edilen deneyler yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6te yandan Epel\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, ger\u00e7ek, karma\u015f\u0131k hayatlar ya\u015fayan, ger\u00e7ek, karma\u015f\u0131k insanlarla ilgiliydi. Blackburn, \u201cendi\u015felenmeme neden olacak kadar farkl\u0131 bir d\u00fcnyayd\u0131\u201d diyor. \u0130lk ba\u015fta, stres ile telomerler aras\u0131nda anlaml\u0131 bir ba\u011flant\u0131 g\u00f6rmenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilece\u011fine, \u015f\u00fcpheyle yakla\u015ft\u0131. Genler, telomer uzunlu\u011funu belirleyen en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6r olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu ve psikolojik etkileri ayr\u0131 tutarak \u00e7evresel etkilerin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu fikri son derece tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131yd\u0131. Ama bir anne olarak Blackburn, bu stresli kad\u0131nlar\u0131n durumunu ara\u015ft\u0131rma fikrine kendini kapt\u0131rd\u0131. O g\u00fcnlerdeki yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, \u201cSadece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm, ne kadar ilgin\u00e7,\u201d diye anlat\u0131yor. \u201cYard\u0131m edemezsen de, empati kurabilirsin.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sonunda 58 kad\u0131ndan kan \u00f6rnekleri toplamaya haz\u0131r olmalar\u0131 d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir pilot \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olacakt\u0131. Anlaml\u0131 bir sonu\u00e7 elde etme \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltmek i\u00e7in, iki grup kad\u0131n se\u00e7ildi: stresli anneler ve kontrol grubu – bunlar\u0131n benzer ya\u015flar, ya\u015fam tarzlar\u0131 ve ge\u00e7mi\u015flere sahip olmalar\u0131, olabildi\u011fince yak\u0131ndan e\u015fle\u015fmeleri gerekiyordu. Epel, b\u00fct\u00fcn ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 titiz bir \u00f6zenle ele ald\u0131. Yine de Blackburn bu denemenin, bir fizibilite egzersizinden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Taa ki Epel onu aray\u0131p da \u201cBuna inanmayacaks\u0131n\u201d diyene kadar.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7lar berrakt\u0131. Anneler ne kadar \u00e7ok stresli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledilerse, telomerleri o kadar k\u0131sa ve telomeraz d\u00fczeyleri o kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada incelenen en \u00e7ok y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f kad\u0131nlarda telomeraz d\u00fczeyleri yar\u0131ya inerken, telomerleri en az stresli olanlara k\u0131yasla on y\u0131l veya daha fazla ya\u015flanmaya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyordu. \u201c\u00c7ok heyecanland\u0131m\u201d diyor Blackburn. O ve Epel, h\u00fccrelerin i\u00e7indeki molek\u00fcler mekanikle ger\u00e7ek hayatlar ve deneyimler aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 ke\u015ffetmi\u015fti. Bu bulu\u015f stresli hissetmenin sadece sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za zarar vermedi\u011finin – kelimenin tam anlam\u0131yla bizi ya\u015fland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00f6stergesiydi.<\/p>\n

\u00a7<\/p>\n

Beklenmedik ke\u015fifler do\u011fal olarak ku\u015fkuculu\u011fu uyand\u0131r\u0131r. Blackburn ve Epel ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 zorlayan makalelerini yay\u0131nlamak i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ettiler. \u201cScience (d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen bilimsel dergilerinden biri) makaleyi yeterince h\u0131zl\u0131 kabul etmezdi\u201d diyor Blackburn.<\/p>\n

Makale nihayet 2004 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda Ulusal Bilimler Akademisi Bildiriler Kitab\u0131\u2019nda yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, bas\u0131nda geni\u015f bir yank\u0131 buldu ve \u00f6vg\u00fcler ald\u0131. Stanford \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde stres ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fclerinden biri ve \u201cZebralar Neden \u00dclser Olmaz\u201d isimli \u00e7ok satan kitab\u0131n yazar\u0131 olan Robert Sapolsky, i\u015fbirli\u011fini \u201cdisiplinler aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir vadi boyunca bir s\u0131\u00e7rama\u201d olarak nitelendirdi. Los Angeles California \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ndeki Psiko-n\u00f6ro-imm\u00fcnoloji Cousins Merkezi m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Mike Irwin, Epel\u2019in Blackburn\u2019u aramas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck cesaret gerektirdi\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u201cVe Liz [Blackburn] i\u00e7in de evet demek \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck cesaret.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130lk ba\u015fta telomer ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu konuya ihtiyatl\u0131 yakla\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011funu ve kullan\u0131lan telomer uzunluk testinin do\u011frulu\u011funu sorgulad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirttiler. Epel, \u201cBu, o zamanlar baz\u0131 insanlar\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnde olduk\u00e7a riskli bir fikirdi\u201d diye a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. \u201cHerkes \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 telomer uzunluklar\u0131 ile do\u011far. Psikolojik ya da davran\u0131\u015fsal olan, genetik olmayan bir \u015feyleri telomerlerimizin uzunlu\u011funa bakarak \u00f6l\u00e7ebilece\u011fimizi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilir miyiz? Bu ger\u00e7ekten, bu alan\u0131n on y\u0131l \u00f6nce oldu\u011fu yerden anla\u015f\u0131labilecek bir \u015fey de\u011fil.\u201d<\/p>\n

Makale, bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma patlamas\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu tarihten sonraki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla, Alzheimer hasta bak\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, aile i\u00e7i istismar ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta travma ma\u011fdurlar\u0131, maj\u00f6r depresyon ve travma sonras\u0131 stres bozuklu\u011fu olan ki\u015filerde alg\u0131lanan stresle, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 kad\u0131nlardan daha k\u0131sa olan telomer uzunlu\u011fu aras\u0131nda ba\u011flant\u0131 kurdular. Johns Hopkins T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nde telomer bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131ran bir klinik uzman\u0131 ve genetik\u00e7i olan Mary Armanios \u201cOn y\u0131l boyunca, \u00e7evre ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n telomer uzunlu\u011fu \u00fczerinde bir etkiye sahip olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hi\u00e7 sorgulanmad\u0131\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fka bir mekanizmaya do\u011fru da bir geli\u015fme vard\u0131r. Laboratuvar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, stres hormonu kortizol\u00fcn telomeraz aktivitesini azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterirken, oksidatif stres ve inflamasyon (psikolojik stresin fizyolojik etkisi) telomerleri do\u011frudan a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bunun sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 var gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Osteoartrit, diyabet ve obeziteden kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, Alzheimer ve felce kadar ya\u015fla ilgili sorunlar, k\u0131sa telomerlerle ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar i\u00e7in as\u0131l soru \u015fudur: telomerler ya\u015fa ba\u011fl\u0131 hasar\u0131n (gri sa\u00e7lar gibi) zarars\u0131z bir g\u00f6stergesi midir yoksa ya\u015fland\u0131k\u00e7a ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za bela olan sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na neden olan bir rolleri mi vard\u0131r? Telomeraz enzimini etkileyen genetik mutasyonlar\u0131 olan, normalden daha k\u0131sa telomerlere sahip olan ki\u015filer, h\u0131zl\u0131 ya\u015flanma sendromlar\u0131ndan muzdariptir ve organlar\u0131 giderek i\u015flevlerini yitirir. Ancak Armanios \u00f6zellikle de telomer uzunluklar\u0131 ilk ba\u015fta \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fken oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, telomer uzunlu\u011funda stresin neden oldu\u011fu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck azalmalar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kla ilgili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak Blackburn, stres etkilerinin \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funa inanc\u0131n\u0131n giderek artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Genetik mutasyonlar\u0131n telomerlerin korunmas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi Armanios\u2019un \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sendromlara g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olsa da, Blackburn genetik mutasyonlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n ilerleyen d\u00f6nemlerinde kronik hastal\u0131k riskini art\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131na i\u015faret etmektedir. Ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re telomerler gelecekteki sa\u011fl\u0131k durumumuzu g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalardan biri ya\u015fl\u0131 erkeklerden telomerleri iki bu\u00e7uk y\u0131l boyunca k\u0131salm\u0131\u015f olanlar\u0131n, telomerleri ayn\u0131 uzunlukta kalm\u0131\u015f veya uzam\u0131\u015f olanlara oranla, sonraki dokuz y\u0131l i\u00e7inde kardiyovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131ktan \u00f6lme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 kat\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi. Ba\u015fka bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada v\u00fccut kitle indeksi ve a\u00e7l\u0131k \u015fekeri gibi al\u0131\u015f\u0131lagelmi\u015f risk fakt\u00f6rleri de hesaba kat\u0131larak 2.000\u2019den fazla sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 Amerikal\u0131 incelenmi\u015f, en k\u0131sa telomerlere sahip olanlar\u0131n, gelecek be\u015f bu\u00e7uk y\u0131l boyunca diyabet geli\u015ftirme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n di\u011ferlerinin iki kat\u0131ndan fazla oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Blackburn art\u0131k 100.000 ki\u015finin telomerlerini \u00f6l\u00e7mekle me\u015fgul olan Kuzey Kaliforniya\u2019n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k devi Kaiser Permanente ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ge\u00e7iyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalardaki beklenti, telomer uzunlu\u011fu, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin genomlar\u0131 ve elektronik t\u0131bbi kay\u0131tlardan elde edilen verilerle birle\u015ftirildi\u011finde, telomer uzunlu\u011fu ve hastal\u0131klar aras\u0131nda yeni ba\u011flant\u0131lar ve telomer uzunlu\u011funu etkileyen daha fazla genetik mutasyonlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7lar hen\u00fcz yay\u0131nlanmad\u0131, ancak Blackburn, verilerin uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fckle ilgili g\u00f6sterdikleri konusunda olduk\u00e7a heyecanl\u0131. Parma\u011f\u0131yla havada bir e\u011fri \u00e7izerek a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor: n\u00fcfus ya\u015fland\u0131k\u00e7a ortalama telomer uzunlu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015fer. Bu kadar\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz; telomerler zaman ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e k\u0131salmaya e\u011filimli. Ancak, 75-80 ya\u015flar\u0131nda, daha k\u0131sa telomerlere sahip insanlar\u0131n \u00f6lmesi ile e\u011fri geri d\u00f6n\u00fcyor – bu da uzun telomere sahip olan insanlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekten daha uzun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ispatlar. \u201c\u00c7ok ho\u015f\u201d diyor. \u201cHi\u00e7 kimse bunu g\u00f6rmemi\u015fti.\u201d<\/p>\n

Blackburn ve Epel\u2019in orijinal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan bu yana ge\u00e7en on y\u0131lda, stresin telomerlerimizi a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rarak bizi ya\u015fland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 fikri pop\u00fcler k\u00fclt\u00fcre de n\u00fcfuz etmi\u015ftir. Blackburn kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir\u00e7ok bilimsel \u00f6vg\u00fcye ilaveten, 2007\u2019de Time dergisi taraf\u0131ndan \u201cD\u00fcnyan\u0131n en etkili 100 insan\u0131ndan\u201d biri olarak se\u00e7ildi ve 2011\u2019de Good Housekeeping ba\u015far\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc ald\u0131. 2006 Hollywood filmi olan The Holiday\u2019de Cameron Diaz\u2019\u0131n oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir i\u015fkolik karakter, bu fikri anlatmaktad\u0131r. \u201cYank\u0131lan\u0131yor\u201d diyor Blackburn.<\/p>\n

Ancak, azalan telomerlerin birikerek neden oldu\u011fu hasar\u0131n tan\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak, yeni bir soru soruyor: bunlar\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00f6nleyebiliriz?<\/p>\n

\u0130lk ba\u015fta, plaj hareketli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Dalgalar s\u00fcrekli k\u0131y\u0131ya \u00e7arp\u0131p s\u0131\u00e7r\u0131yor. Kumsalda ak kumku\u015funun izleri var. Ko\u015fanlar ve k\u00f6pek gezdirenler gelip ge\u00e7erken, pelikan gruplar\u0131 kanat a\u00e7ana ya da g\u00f6zden kaybolana kadar su \u00fczerinde duruyorlar. G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde siyah siluet halinde g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bir s\u00f6rf\u00e7\u00fc, 20 dakika kadar s\u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcyor, gitmeden \u00f6nce sahile do\u011fru yakla\u015fan tuhaf bir dalga yakal\u0131yor. De\u011fi\u015fmeyen bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, ilgin\u00e7 bir tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k hissi veriyor. Ku\u015flar\u0131n ve ko\u015fucular\u0131n ve s\u00f6rf\u00e7\u00fclerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelere benzedi\u011fini hayal edebilirsiniz: onlar farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imlerde ve zamanlarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131karlar ama sonunda, hepsi ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

Meditasyon yapman\u0131n y\u00fczlerce yolu var ama bu sabah, \u015fu anda ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131za odaklanmaya dayal\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k izleme denen bir Budist fark\u0131ndal\u0131k meditasyonunu deniyorum. Dik olarak oturun ve b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri – onlar\u0131 yarg\u0131lamadan veya onlara tepki vermeden – gitmelerine izin vermeden \u00f6nce basit\u00e7e fark edin. Budistler i\u00e7in bu bir manevi aray\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; \u00f6nemsiz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler ve d\u0131\u015f etkilerin gelip ge\u00e7mesine izin vererek, hakikatin ger\u00e7ek do\u011fas\u0131na yakla\u015fmay\u0131 umarlar.<\/p>\n

Blackburn de hakikatin do\u011fas\u0131yla olduk\u00e7a ilgilidir, ancak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir ve hesaplanabilir olana odaklanarak ge\u00e7en bir kariyerden sonra bu t\u00fcrden bir g\u00f6ksel bak\u0131\u015f, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta pek cazip gelmedi. Bu konuya kar\u015f\u0131 merak\u0131 kesinlikle hi\u00e7bir profesyonel ilgiye dayanm\u0131yordu. 2007\u2019de New York Times\u2019a \u201cOn y\u0131l \u00f6nce e\u011fer bana ciddi olarak meditasyon hakk\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnece\u011fimi s\u00f6yleseydiniz, ikimizden birinin akl\u0131n\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylerdim,\u201d dedi. Yine de telomerler \u00fczerindeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n onu getirdi\u011fi yer buras\u0131. Epel ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan bu yana, birlikte d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndaki tak\u0131mlarla i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131lar – Blackburn\u00a0 \u201charika y\u00f6nlerde\u201d geli\u015fen 50 ya da 60 kadar ortakl\u0131kta yer ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tahmin ediyor. Bunlar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu telomerleri stres etkisinden koruma y\u00f6ntemlerine odakl\u0131d\u0131r; deneyler, egzersiz, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenme ve sosyal yard\u0131mla\u015fman\u0131n bu konuda yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrmektedir. Fakat en etkili y\u00f6ntemlerden biri, bariz \u015fekilde telomerlerin a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 yava\u015flatma – ve hatta belki de onlar\u0131 tekrar uzatma – kabiliyeti olan y\u00f6ntem, meditasyondur.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdiye kadar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar azd\u0131r; fakat hepsi pratik olarak ayn\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fc i\u015faret etmektedir. \u0130ddial\u0131 bir projede Blackburn ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 meditasyon yapmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in Colorado\u2019nun kuzeyindeki Shambhala da\u011f\u0131nda rehabilitasyon alan\u0131na g\u00f6nderdi. \u00dc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k bir ders d\u00f6nemini tamamlayanlar\u0131n, bekleme listesindeki benzer gruba g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 30 daha y\u00fcksek telomeraz d\u00fczeyine sahip olduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. UCLA\u2019dan Irwin ile y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, demans hasta bak\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan ve 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan bir pilot \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, 8 hafta boyunca g\u00fcnde 12 dakika, Kirtan Kriya denilen antik bir \u015fark\u0131 meditasyonu yapan g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin, dinlendirici bir m\u00fczik dinleyen kontrol grubundan daha y\u00fcksek telomeraz aktivitesi oldu\u011fu bulundu.<\/p>\n

Son \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, Epel ve Blackburn, yar\u0131s\u0131 otizmli \u00e7ocuk sahibi olan 180 anneyi takip ediyor. Deneysel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n stres seviyeleri ve telomer uzunlu\u011fu iki y\u0131l boyunca \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclecek ve daha sonra bir mobil uygulaman\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla sunulan k\u0131sa bir zihni bo\u015faltma e\u011fitiminin etkileri test edilecek.<\/p>\n

Teoriler meditasyonun telomer ve telomeraz\u0131 nas\u0131l art\u0131rabilece\u011fi \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak meditasyon b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla stresi azaltmaktad\u0131r. Uygulama yava\u015f yava\u015f, d\u00fczenli nefes almay\u0131 i\u00e7eriyor, bu da d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015f-ya da-ka\u00e7 refleksini yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak fiziksel olarak rahatlatabiliyor. Muhtemelen psikolojik stres k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 etkiye de sahiptir. Olumsuz ya da stresli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerden geri ad\u0131m atabildi\u011fimizde, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131tmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ge\u00e7ici olaylar oldu\u011funu fark ederiz. Meditasyon ayr\u0131ca s\u00fcrekli olarak ge\u00e7mi\u015f hakk\u0131nda \u00fcz\u00fclmek veya gelece\u011fi planlamak yerine, \u015fimdiki zamana \u015f\u00fckretmemize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

Epel, \u201cFaaliyetlerinizde ve etkile\u015fimlerinizde an\u0131 ya\u015famak \u00e7ok de\u011ferlidir ve bu g\u00fcnlerdeki yo\u011fun tempolu hayatta bunu yapabilen nadirdir\u201d diyor. \u201cGenel olarak, \u00f6zellikle insanlar\u0131n \u00e7ok stresli oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerde dikkatleri da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k olan bir toplumda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve insanlar\u0131n nerede olurlarsa olsunlar an\u0131 ya\u015famalar\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli kaynaklara sahip olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Yeni bilim s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetmeye devam etmek i\u00e7in websitemizi ve Facebook\u2019daki\u00a0Epoch Times T\u00fcrkiye<\/a>\u00a0sayfas\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret edin!<\/em><\/p>\n

Epoch Times, mevcut bilgilerimize meydan okuyan olaylar ve teoriler ile ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve s\u00f6ylentileri ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Biz, hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc canland\u0131racak ve yeni olanaklar yaratacak fikirleri ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yoruz.\u00a0<\/em>Facebook sayfam\u0131zdan<\/em><\/a>, bazen tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 da olabilen konular hakk\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinizi bizimle payla\u015f\u0131n.<\/em><\/p>\n

Haberi yazan:\u00a0Jo Marchant, Epoch Times<\/p>\n

\u00c7eviren: Hatice Atmaca, Epoch Times T\u00fcrkiye<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Meditasyon\u2019un manevi k\u0131sm\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek bir bilim var m\u0131? Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibi Elizabeth Blackburn var oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Kaliforniya Santa Monica plaj\u0131nda saat sabah\u0131n yedisi. Yeni do\u011fan g\u00fcne\u015f dalgalar\u0131n y\u00fczeyinde par\u0131ld\u0131yor ve bulutlar hala \u015fafak vaktinin alt\u0131n renginde. Manzara binlerce kilometrelik Pasifik Okyanusunun \u00fczerine uzan\u0131yor. Uzakta, zengin Los Angeles sakinlerinin beyaz villalar\u0131 Hollywood tepelerini i\u015faret ediyor. K\u0131y\u0131da […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12379,"featured_media":115548,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":"","_yoast_wpseo_focuskw_text_input":""},"categories":[31,70,519],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nMeditasyon Ger\u00e7ekten Ya\u015flanmay\u0131 Yava\u015flatabilir mi? - The Epoch Times TR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/meditasyon-gercekten-yaslanmayi-yavaslatabilir-mi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Meditasyon Ger\u00e7ekten Ya\u015flanmay\u0131 Yava\u015flatabilir mi? - The Epoch Times TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Meditasyon\u2019un manevi k\u0131sm\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek bir bilim var m\u0131? Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibi Elizabeth Blackburn var oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Kaliforniya Santa Monica plaj\u0131nda saat sabah\u0131n yedisi. Yeni do\u011fan g\u00fcne\u015f dalgalar\u0131n y\u00fczeyinde par\u0131ld\u0131yor ve bulutlar hala \u015fafak vaktinin alt\u0131n renginde. Manzara binlerce kilometrelik Pasifik Okyanusunun \u00fczerine uzan\u0131yor. Uzakta, zengin Los Angeles sakinlerinin beyaz villalar\u0131 Hollywood tepelerini i\u015faret ediyor. 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