{"id":118153,"date":"2018-10-29T09:51:00","date_gmt":"2018-10-29T06:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/?p=118153"},"modified":"2018-10-29T09:57:12","modified_gmt":"2018-10-29T06:57:12","slug":"turk-milletinin-en-buyuk-bayrami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/turk-milletinin-en-buyuk-bayrami","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrk Milletinin En B\u00fcy\u00fck Bayram\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan \u00e7\u0131kan ordu pek \u00e7ok cephede yenilmi\u015f, millet yorgun ve fakir d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Mustafa Kemal’in 19 May\u0131s 1919’da Samsun’a \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131yla milli m\u00fccadele ba\u015flad\u0131. Tarihte az g\u00f6r\u00fclen milli m\u00fccadele ruhu, yurdu sar\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

23 Nisan 1920’de, “Tek bir egemenlik var o da milli egemenliktir.” “\u00dclkeyi, yine ulusun kendi g\u00fcc\u00fc kurtaracakt\u0131r.” ilkeleriyle TBMM kuruldu ve zafer kazan\u0131l\u0131ncaya kadar da\u011f\u0131lmama karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131. Art\u0131k yeni devlet kuruluyordu. Halk, elinde avucunda ne varsa orduya veriyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00dclke b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikede olan milletin, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015flat\u0131lan Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131, 24 Temmuz 1923 tarihinde Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile resmen nihayet buldu.\u00a0B\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya art\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye’yi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u00fclke olarak biliyordu.<\/p>\n

Vatan kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ancak i\u015fler yeni ba\u015fl\u0131yordu. Kurtar\u0131lan vatan art\u0131k yepyeni bir d\u00f6neme getirilmeliydi.<\/p>\n

26 Ekim Gecesi
\n<\/strong>
\nMustafa Kemal kabineyi \u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc’ne toplad\u0131. Bakanlara muhaliflerin oyununu bozmak i\u00e7in planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131 taarruzu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Hepsi birden istifa edecek, meclis yeniden g\u00f6revlendirme yaparsa kabul edilmeyecekti. Bu taktik, sonu Cumhuriyet’e varacak yolun ikinci ad\u0131m\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

27 Ekim<\/strong><\/p>\n

Meclis’te h\u00fck\u00fcmetin istifas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Gerek\u00e7e; daha kuvvetli bir h\u00fck\u00fcmete\u00a0 ortam haz\u0131rlamak olarak a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Bakanlar kurulunun 29 Ekim Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc se\u00e7ilece\u011fi duyuruldu. Fakat Mustafa Kemal yeni bir h\u00fck\u00fcmetle de\u011fil, yeni bir rejimle \u00e7\u0131ka gelecekti.<\/p>\n

28 Ekim<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dclke resmen h\u00fck\u00fcmetsizdi. Meclis, krize \u00e7are ar\u0131yordu.\u00a0 Ayn\u0131 ak\u015fam Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7ankaya’da ak\u015fam yeme\u011fine \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. 28 Ekim 1923 ak\u015fam\u0131 nihayet d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Yemek esnas\u0131nda “Beyler! Yar\u0131n Cumuriyet’i ilan edece\u011fiz.” dedi.<\/p>\n

Yemekten sonra \u0130smet Pa\u015fa ve Atat\u00fcrk, sabaha kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma odas\u0131n\u0131n c\u0131l\u0131z \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131, 29 Ekim’de yurdu ayd\u0131nlatacakt\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada Atat\u00fcrk, Esasiye Kanunu’nun baz\u0131 maddelerini \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc’ye de\u011fi\u015ftirtti.
\n
\n29 Ekim<\/strong><\/p>\n

Halk Partisi topland\u0131. H\u00fck\u00fcmet krizi hala \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclememi\u015fti. Kemalettin Sami Pa\u015fa, h\u00fck\u00fcmet sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in Genel Ba\u015fkan’\u0131n g\u00f6revlendirmesini istedi. Mustafa Kemal’in bekledi\u011fi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 gelmi\u015fti. T\u00fcrkiye’nin kader de\u011fi\u015fimi saatleri ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Mustafa Kemal milletvekilleri ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme trafi\u011fine girerek, ikna turlar\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. H\u00fck\u00fcmet krizi i\u00e7in, anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini \u00f6nerdi.<\/p>\n

Bir ka\u00e7 saatin ard\u0131ndan Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa salona geldi ve cebinden tasar\u0131 metnini \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Okumas\u0131 i\u00e7in Ru\u015fen E\u015fref Bey’e verdi. \u0130lk madde okundu;<\/p>\n

-Hakimiyet kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z Milletindir. T\u00fcrkiye Devleti’nin h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u015fekli Cumhuriyet’tir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Konu\u015fmalar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan son s\u00f6z\u00fc Abdulrahman \u015eeref Bey s\u00f6yledi. Dillendirilemeyen s\u00f6zc\u00fckle resti \u00e7ekti;<\/p>\n

“Kime sorarsan\u0131z sorun bu Cumhuriyet’tir. Do\u011fan \u00e7ocu\u011fun ad\u0131 budur.”<\/p>\n

Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi salondaki t\u00fcm mebuslar\u0131n oyuyla kabul edildi. Salonda;<\/p>\n

“Ya\u015fas\u0131n Cumhuriyet, Ya\u015fas\u0131n Cumhuriyet, Ya\u015fas\u0131n Cumhuriyet” sesleri y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

Art\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye’nin y\u00f6netim \u015fekli Cumhuriyet, ilan tarihi 29 Ekim 1923’t\u00fc.<\/p>\n