{"id":122578,"date":"2019-08-05T14:00:21","date_gmt":"2019-08-05T11:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/?p=122578"},"modified":"2019-07-31T22:53:35","modified_gmt":"2019-07-31T19:53:35","slug":"cinli-mahkumlardan-cikarilan-organlar-muhtemelen-400-tip-makalesinde-kullanildi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/cinli-mahkumlardan-cikarilan-organlar-muhtemelen-400-tip-makalesinde-kullanildi","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7inli Mahkumlardan \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lan Organlar Muhtemelen 400 T\u0131p Makalesinde Kullan\u0131ld\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Ameliyat (Engin Akyurt, Pixabay)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, organ nakli hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 400\u2019den fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rma makalesinin, s\u00f6z konusu organlar\u0131n, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamak i\u00e7in r\u0131za g\u00f6stermeyen \u00c7inli mahkumlardan etik olmayan \u015fekilde toplanm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fi <\/a>endi\u015fesi nedeniyle, geri \u00e7ekilmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu konuda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/a>, BMJ A\u00e7\u0131k t\u0131p dergisinde 6 Ocak\u2019ta yay\u0131nland\u0131. \u00c7in organ nakli ile ilgili \u00c7in\u2019de yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar kullan\u0131larak 2000-2017 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0130ngilizce hakemli dergilerde yay\u0131nlanan makaleler incelendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avustralya liderli\u011findeki ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi makalelerin \u00e7o\u011funda, uluslararas\u0131\norgan nakli ara\u015ft\u0131rma toplulu\u011funun etik standartlar\u0131na uyma konusunda kusur tespit\netti. Bu standartlar idam mahkumlar\u0131ndan veya ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 (don\u00f6r) onay\u0131 olmadan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f\norganlar\u0131 i\u00e7eren herhangi bir ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avustralya Macquarie \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 olan Dr. Robyn Clay-Williams,\n\u201cBildirilen ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n etik a\u00e7\u0131dan uygunlu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda titizlik g\u00f6stermeden, yay\u0131nlamay\u0131\nkabul eden ne kadar \u00e7ok say\u0131da sayg\u0131n dergi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcnce derinden sars\u0131ld\u0131m\u201d\ndedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in\u2019de Organ Nakli Suistimali<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Uzmanlar ve insan haklar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri<\/a>, \u00c7in kom\u00fcnist rejiminin 2015\u2019ten bu yana g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131larla s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00c7in\u2019in organ nakli sisteminde kullan\u0131lan organlar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorgulama \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu. Bug\u00fcne kadar yetkililer, organlar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca idam s\u0131ras\u0131 bekleyen tutuklulardan geldi\u011fini iddia ediyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in\u2019deki Organ Nakli Suistimalini Sona Erdirme Uluslararas\u0131 Koalisyonunun (International Coalition to End Transplant Abuse in China) organ nakli etik grubu taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan 2016 kapsaml\u0131 raporu<\/a>nda, \u00c7in\u2019in resmi organ nakli rakamlar\u0131 ile hastanelerde yap\u0131lan nakil say\u0131s\u0131 aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tutars\u0131zl\u0131k oldu\u011funu tespit edildi. Raporda karaci\u011fer ve b\u00f6brek nakli yapan 712 hastanenin halka a\u00e7\u0131k kay\u0131tlar\u0131 analiz edilerek, her y\u0131l 10.000 ila 20.000 olan resmi rakamlar\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00fczerinde, y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 60.000 ila 100.000 organ nakli ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi ortaya kondu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Raporun hastanelere yap\u0131lan gizli aramalar, tutukluluktan sa\u011f kurtulan Falun Dafa uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 ve di\u011fer deliller do\u011frultusunda vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re bu fark, \u00c7in\u2019deki inan\u00e7 mahkumlar\u0131ndan, \u00f6zellikle de yasaklanm\u0131\u015f manevi uygulama olan Falun Dafa\u2019n\u0131n (Falun Gong olarak da bilinir) uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan zorla toplanan organlardan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. New York eyaletinde yerle\u015fik bir sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olan, \u00c7in\u2019de Organ Toplama Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan 2018 tarihli bir rapor<\/a>, bu iddialar\u0131 destekleyecek daha fazla kan\u0131t sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haziran 2016\u2019da, ABD Temsilciler Meclisi, \u00c7in\u2019deki Falun Gong uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan organlar\u0131n toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131nayan bir karar\u0131 oybirli\u011fiyle<\/a> kabul etti. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n Temmuz ay\u0131nda, Avrupa Parlamentosu da uygulamaya son verilmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan bir bildiri<\/a> yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cEylemin Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada 85.000\u2019den fazla organ naklini kapsayan 445 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma incelendi. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\ny\u00fczde 92\u2019sinden fazlas\u0131nda organlar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n idam edilen mahkumlar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\nve y\u00fczde 99\u2019unda ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n onaylar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131p al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bildirilmedi\u011fi tespit\nedildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca, 2010\u2019dan \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan organ nakillerini i\u00e7eren ve hi\u00e7bir mahkumun organlar\u0131n\u0131n\nkullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia eden 19 makale tespit edildi. Bununla birlikte, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada\nbelirtildi\u011fi gibi bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda, \u00c7in\u2019de kurulmu\u015f hi\u00e7bir organ ba\u011f\u0131\u015f sistemi yoktu\n– bu nedenle iddia do\u011fru olamazd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar incelenen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n neredeyse kesinlikle, idam edilen mahkumlardan\ngelen verileri i\u00e7erdi\u011fi sonucuna vard\u0131lar; \u201c\u00c7in de bu d\u00f6nemde temel organ ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131\nkayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n idam edilen mahkumlar oldu\u011funu kabul etmi\u015ftir.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu, organ nakli toplulu\u011funun etik olmayan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n soru\u015fturulmas\u0131 yolundaki\nilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n lideri ve Macquarie \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde klinik etik profes\u00f6r\u00fc olan\nWendy Rogers, hakemlerin, edit\u00f6rlerin ve dergi yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7in ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131na\norganlar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki sorular\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7suz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rogers, \u201cBu t\u00fcr bir \u00e7aban\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z kalmas\u0131 bizi, etik d\u0131\u015f\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\ngeli\u015febilece\u011fi sonucuna g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyor\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rapor \u015f\u00f6yle belirtilmi\u015ftir: \u201c\u00d6zellikle ilgili politikay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a benimsemi\u015f dergilerde,\norganlar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir bilgi i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi halde yay\u0131nlanmak \u00fczere kabul\nedilen \u00e7ok say\u0131da bildiri (y\u00fczde 85\u2019in \u00fczerinde) g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, hakemler,\nedit\u00f6rler ve yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n bu dikkatsizli\u011fi, ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemlidir.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Etik Standartlar\u0131n Uygulanmas\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada bildirildi\u011fine g\u00f6re, D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve Organ Nakli Derne\u011fi (The\nTransplantation Society, TTS) de dahil olmak \u00fczere baz\u0131 kurumlar, nakil i\u00e7in idam\nmahkumlar\u0131n organlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bu t\u00fcr nakillerden kaynaklanan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131\nk\u0131nam\u0131\u015f olsa da, bu etik standartlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde herhangi bir zorlay\u0131c\u0131\neylem bulunmamaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Makalede halen, etik ihlaller i\u00e7in herhangi bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve uygunlu\u011fu\nara\u015ft\u0131ran hi\u00e7bir denetim yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rogers, idam mahkumlardan al\u0131nan organlar\u0131 i\u00e7eren ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve konferans\nmakaleleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, 2006\u2019dan itibaren ba\u015flat\u0131lan TTS politikalar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 da\norgan nakli derne\u011finin bir s\u00fcredir bu sorunlar\u0131n fark\u0131nda oldu\u011funu belirtti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rogers, \u201c[organ nakli derne\u011findeki insanlar] bu olay\u0131 sadece unuttular m\u0131 yoksa\n\u015fimdiye kadar durdurulmu\u015ftur diye mi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar bilmiyorum\u201d dedi. \u201cAma bir alanda\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsan\u0131z, inceledi\u011finiz konu ve bu konu hakk\u0131nda ne s\u00f6yledi\u011finize \u00e7ok \u00f6zen\ng\u00f6stermeniz gerekti\u011fini; bunun profesyonel bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rogers ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda TTS\u2019nin resmi dergisi Transplantation\u2019\u0131n, etik d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\nyay\u0131nlanmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayan kendi politikalar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal eden be\u015f bildiri yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\ntespit etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Makale, bireysel makaleler ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lana kadar t\u00fcm etkilenen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n geri\n\u00e7ekilmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00c7in\u2019in nakil sistemini i\u00e7eren ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\nhakk\u0131nda bir politika geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 bir zirve yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rnek Vaka<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda Liver International t\u0131p dergisi, etik uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan organlar\u0131 sorgulamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00c7inli nakil cerrahlar\u0131n\u0131n bir makalesini geri \u00e7ekti<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nisan 2010\u2019dan Ekim 2014\u2019e kadar Zhejiang Eyaletindeki bir hastanede 564 karaci\u011fer\nnaklini analiz eden bildiri yazarlar\u0131, t\u00fcm organlar\u0131n kalp \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lardan\nal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve hi\u00e7bir organ\u0131n idam mahkumlar\u0131ndan al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak Rogers ve bir grup akademisyen, bir hastanenin o d\u00f6nemde belirtilen az\nsay\u0131daki ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f organdan o kadar \u00e7ok say\u0131da organ kayna\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131n imkans\u0131z\noldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylediler. Ayr\u0131ca, kalp \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lardan al\u0131nan karaci\u011ferlerin,\nsadece \u00fc\u00e7te biri nakil i\u00e7in uygundur. Yani hastanenin g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131\u015f sisteminden\n\u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir organ havuzuna eri\u015fmesi gerekir. Uzmanlar tek olas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klama\nolarak, karaci\u011ferlerin inan\u00e7 mahkumlar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere idam mahkumlar\u0131ndan\ngeldi\u011fi sonucuna varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Washington eyaleti merkezli bir sivil toplum grubu olan Zorla Organ Toplama Kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 Doktorlar<\/a> (Doctors Against Forced Organ Harvesting, DAFOH) Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Dr. Torsten Trey, yeni bulgular\u0131n \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trey bir e-postada, \u201cBat\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019i de\u011fi\u015ftiremeyebilir, ancak kendi davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131\nde\u011fi\u015ftirebilir: nakil doktorlar\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llarda toplanan raporlar\u0131 ve soru\u015fturmalar\u0131\nokumaya ba\u015flayabilir\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trey t\u0131p camias\u0131n\u0131n, daha kat\u0131 sorumluluk g\u00f6stermesi i\u00e7in \u00c7in\u2019e bask\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131\ngerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cUluslararas\u0131 toplum ve t\u0131p dergileri, \u00c7in\u2019in etik standartlara m\u00fcdahale etmemesi gerekti\u011finin sinyalini g\u00f6ndermelidir\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yazan: Cathy He, Epoch Times
\u00c7eviren: Hatice ATMACA, Epoch Times T\u00fcrkiye<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, organ nakli hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 400\u2019den fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rma makalesinin, s\u00f6z konusu organlar\u0131n, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamak i\u00e7in r\u0131za g\u00f6stermeyen \u00c7inli mahkumlardan etik olmayan \u015fekilde toplanm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fi endi\u015fesi nedeniyle, geri \u00e7ekilmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuldu. Bu konuda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, BMJ A\u00e7\u0131k t\u0131p dergisinde 6 Ocak\u2019ta yay\u0131nland\u0131. \u00c7in organ nakli ile ilgili \u00c7in\u2019de yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar kullan\u0131larak 2000-2017 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12379,"featured_media":122579,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":"","_yoast_wpseo_focuskw_text_input":""},"categories":[8,2045,35,519,1,40],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u00c7inli Mahkumlardan \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lan Organlar Muhtemelen 400 T\u0131p Makalesinde Kullan\u0131ld\u0131 - The Epoch Times TR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/cinli-mahkumlardan-cikarilan-organlar-muhtemelen-400-tip-makalesinde-kullanildi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c7inli Mahkumlardan \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lan Organlar Muhtemelen 400 T\u0131p Makalesinde Kullan\u0131ld\u0131 - The Epoch Times TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, organ nakli hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 400\u2019den fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rma makalesinin, s\u00f6z konusu organlar\u0131n, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamak i\u00e7in r\u0131za g\u00f6stermeyen \u00c7inli mahkumlardan etik olmayan \u015fekilde toplanm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fi endi\u015fesi nedeniyle, geri \u00e7ekilmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuldu. 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