{"id":126774,"date":"2020-05-31T17:05:09","date_gmt":"2020-05-31T14:05:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/?p=126774"},"modified":"2020-05-31T17:06:09","modified_gmt":"2020-05-31T14:06:09","slug":"cinin-borc-tuzagina-covid-19-nedeniyle-daha-fazla-ulke-dusebilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/cinin-borc-tuzagina-covid-19-nedeniyle-daha-fazla-ulke-dusebilir","title":{"rendered":"Daha Fazla \u00dclke COVID-19 nedeniyle \u00c7in\u2019in Bor\u00e7 Tuza\u011f\u0131na D\u00fc\u015febilir"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Foto\u011fraf: Pixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in devasa altyap\u0131 projelerine destek sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli \u00fclkelere K\u00f6pr\u00fc ve Yol Giri\u015fimi (Belt and Road Initiative-BRI) \u00fczerinden milyarlarca dolar kredi verdi. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde yakla\u015fan bor\u00e7 krizinden kaynaklanan endi\u015felerin artmas\u0131na neden oldu. Bu \u00fclkelerin \u00e7o\u011fu zaten \u00c7in\u2019e olan bor\u00e7lar\u0131 alt\u0131nda ezilmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7in\u2019de kurulan \u201cTek K\u00f6pr\u00fc, Tek Yol\u201d veya \u201cYeni \u0130pek Yolu\u201d giri\u015fimi olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan BRI, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en iddial\u0131 ve tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 kalk\u0131nma programlar\u0131ndan biridir. Giri\u015fimin son y\u0131llardaki eylemleri, Pekin\u2019in ya\u011fmac\u0131 kredi uygulamalar\u0131 nedeniyle bir \u201cbor\u00e7 tuza\u011f\u0131\u201d olarak alg\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Finans Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (Institute of International Finance-IIF) taraf\u0131ndan yak\u0131n zamanda yay\u0131nlanan bir rapora<\/a> g\u00f6re, bir\u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli \u00fclkede d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7lar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck kalemini BRI olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz yirmi y\u0131l boyunca \u00c7in, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda verdi\u011fi 5,5 trilyon dolar\u0131 a\u015fan bor\u00e7 – IIF raporuna g\u00f6re k\u00fcresel gayri safi yurti\u00e7i has\u0131lan\u0131n y\u00fczde 6\u2019s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131- ile, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli bir bor\u00e7 verenlerinden biri haline geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BRI, son y\u0131llarda \u00c7in\u2019in bor\u00e7 verme faaliyetlerini y\u00f6nlendirmede \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131 ve Pekin\u2019i d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck alacakl\u0131s\u0131 haline getirdi. Rapora g\u00f6re giri\u015fim, piyasaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana 112\u2019den fazla \u00fclkedeki deniza\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m ve in\u015faat projelerine 730 milyar dolardan fazla bor\u00e7 verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BRI\u2019ya bor\u00e7lu \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndaki Cibuti, Etiyopya, Laos, Maldivler ve Tacikistan, Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu (International Monetary Fund-IMF) taraf\u0131ndan \u201cy\u00fcksek bor\u00e7 tehlikesi riski\u201d ile derecelendirilmi\u015ftir. Bu da b\u00fcy\u00fck bor\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6deme konusunda ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmalar\u0131 ya da sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmalar\u0131 muhtemel anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca, Kiel D\u00fcnya Ekonomisi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan yak\u0131n tarihli bir akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/a>, \u00c7in\u2019in deniza\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kredi alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n rapor edilenden daha y\u00fcksek olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada, \u00c7in kredilerinin y\u00fczde 50\u2019sinin IMF veya D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131\u2019na bildirilmedi\u011finden \u201cgizli\u201d oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. \u00c7in\u2019in \u015feffaf olmayan bor\u00e7 verme uygulamalar\u0131, fakir \u00fclkelerin bor\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yakla\u015fan bir mali krizin ortas\u0131nda, \u015fu anda Sri Lanka\u2019n\u0131n \u00c7in\u2019e olan borcu giderek art\u0131yor. Nikkei Asian Review<\/a>\u2019in bildirdi\u011fine g\u00f6re, bor\u00e7 alt\u0131nda ezilen \u00fclkede bu y\u0131l 4,8 milyar dolar kredi geri \u00f6demesi yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00c7in ile en az 1 milyar dolarl\u0131k ek kredi i\u00e7in anla\u015fmaya var\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sri Lanka, \u00c7in bor\u00e7lar\u0131 kapan\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131p kalm\u0131\u015f ve stratejik varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019e devretmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelere belirgin bir \u00f6rnektir. \u00c7in\u2019deki bir devlet \u015firketi, \u00fclke kredilerini temerr\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fckten sonra, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sri Lanka\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcney Hambantota liman\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc 99 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir kontratla ele ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD Uluslararas\u0131 Kalk\u0131nma Ajans\u0131 genel m\u00fcd\u00fcr yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Bonnie Glick, The Epoch Times\u2019\u0131n Amerikan D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce Liderleri<\/a> (American Thought Leaders) program\u0131na verdi\u011fi bilgide \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u201cLimanlar hemen hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerde iki ama\u00e7la kullan\u0131l\u0131r – hem sivil kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in hem de askeri kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u201c\u00c7in d\u00fcnya haritas\u0131na olduk\u00e7a stratejik yakla\u015farak, ilk \u00f6nce en de\u011ferli limanlara bak\u0131yor ve bu \u00fclkelere yak\u0131nla\u015f\u0131yor.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Glick ayn\u0131 \u015feyin, \u00c7in\u2019in ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 bir liman in\u015fa etti\u011fi Do\u011fu Afrika \u00fclkesi Cibuti\u2019de de ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. \u00dclke, ABD\u2019nin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc savunma \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz\u2019in giri\u015finde yer almaktad\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n petrol ihracat\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 10\u2019u ve t\u00fcm ticari mallar\u0131n y\u00fczde 20\u2019si Cibuti\u2019ye yakla\u015farak S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131\u2019ndan ge\u00e7mektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Glick, BRI\u2019dan \u201cTek k\u00f6pr\u00fc, tek yol, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemez borca tek y\u00f6nl\u00fc yolculuk\u201d diye bahsederek, \u201cCibuti kredisini temerr\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc ve nihayetinde \u00c7in Cibuti liman\u0131ndaki operasyonlar\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ald\u0131\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bor\u00e7 Hafifletme<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hem D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 Grubu hem de IMF, \u00c7in de dahil olmak \u00fczere G-20 ekonomilerini, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en yoksul 76 \u00fclkesine bor\u00e7 yard\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flamaya ve pandemi ile sava\u015fmak i\u00e7in para kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden y\u00f6nlendirmelerine izin vermeye \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in, G-20 \u00fclkeleri taraf\u0131ndan kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan ve en yoksul \u00fclkelerin talebi \u00fczerine bor\u00e7 geri \u00f6demelerinin dondurulmas\u0131na imkan tan\u0131yan, bor\u00e7 i\u015fleminin ask\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/a>ni imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bor\u00e7lar, 1 May\u0131s\u2019tan 2020\u2019nin sonuna kadar ertelenecek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Glick\u2019e g\u00f6re, \u00c7in\u2019in bor\u00e7 aff\u0131na ilk tepkisi olumlu oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak daha sonra \u00c7in\u2019in \u201cborcu affetmek i\u00e7in ne t\u00fcr bir borcun dikkate al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131na dair her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ko\u015fulu koymaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bor\u00e7 sahiplerini bor\u00e7lu tutmak i\u00e7in \u015fartlar\u0131 dikkatli bir \u015fekilde olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BRI\u2019n\u0131n devasa in\u015faat projeleri, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00c7in yerel y\u00f6netimi ve devlet kontrol\u00fcndeki kurumlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla finanse edilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trump y\u00f6netimi, \u00c7in\u2019in geli\u015fmekte olan pazarlardaki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rma hedeflerine kar\u015f\u0131 sert bir tav\u0131r sergiledi ve pandemi d\u00f6nemi bu endi\u015feleri art\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Mike Pompeo, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00c7in Kom\u00fcnist Partisi\u2019nin geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi tehditlere kar\u015f\u0131 uyand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

20 May\u0131s\u2019ta gazetecilere verdi\u011fi deme\u00e7te \u201c\u00c7in, 1949\u2019dan beri ac\u0131mas\u0131z, otoriter ve kom\u00fcnist bir rejim taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netiliyor. Birka\u00e7 on y\u0131l boyunca, rejimin ticaret, bilimsel de\u011fi\u015fim programlar\u0131, diplomatik ilerlemeler yoluyla daha \u00e7ok bize benzeyece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle, geli\u015fen bir \u00fclke olarak DT\u00d6\u2019ye (World Trade Organization-WTO) girmesine izin verdik\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBu olmad\u0131. Pekin\u2019in \u00f6zg\u00fcr \u00fclkelere ideolojik ve politik olarak ne derecede d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k g\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc anlayamad\u0131k.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yazan: Emel Akan, The Epoch Times
\u00c7eviren: Hatice Atmaca, Epoch Times T\u00fcrkiye<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7in devasa altyap\u0131 projelerine destek sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli \u00fclkelere K\u00f6pr\u00fc ve Yol Giri\u015fimi (Belt and Road Initiative-BRI) \u00fczerinden milyarlarca dolar kredi verdi. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde yakla\u015fan bor\u00e7 krizinden kaynaklanan endi\u015felerin artmas\u0131na neden oldu. Bu \u00fclkelerin \u00e7o\u011fu zaten \u00c7in\u2019e olan bor\u00e7lar\u0131 alt\u0131nda ezilmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7in\u2019de kurulan \u201cTek K\u00f6pr\u00fc, Tek Yol\u201d […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12379,"featured_media":126776,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":"","_yoast_wpseo_focuskw_text_input":""},"categories":[8,2045,519],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nDaha Fazla \u00dclke COVID-19 nedeniyle \u00c7in\u2019in Bor\u00e7 Tuza\u011f\u0131na D\u00fc\u015febilir - The Epoch Times TR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/cinin-borc-tuzagina-covid-19-nedeniyle-daha-fazla-ulke-dusebilir\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Daha Fazla \u00dclke COVID-19 nedeniyle \u00c7in\u2019in Bor\u00e7 Tuza\u011f\u0131na D\u00fc\u015febilir - The Epoch Times TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00c7in devasa altyap\u0131 projelerine destek sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli \u00fclkelere K\u00f6pr\u00fc ve Yol Giri\u015fimi (Belt and Road Initiative-BRI) \u00fczerinden milyarlarca dolar kredi verdi. 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