{"id":139071,"date":"2022-05-25T11:29:28","date_gmt":"2022-05-25T08:29:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/?p=139071"},"modified":"2023-02-06T20:46:09","modified_gmt":"2023-02-06T17:46:09","slug":"hamletin-olmak-ya-da-olmamak-sozunun-ardindaki-gercek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/hamletin-olmak-ya-da-olmamak-sozunun-ardindaki-gercek","title":{"rendered":"Hamlet\u2019in \u2018Olmak ya da Olmamak\u2019 S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn Ard\u0131ndaki Ger\u00e7ek"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u00f6z ne anlama geliyor?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u201cHamlet\u2019teki \u2018Oyun Sahnesi\u2019ni, II. Perde, 2.Sahneyi Canland\u0131ran \u00c7ocuklar\u201d. Charles Hunt taraf\u0131ndan, yakla\u015f\u0131k 1863 tarihli bez tuval \u00fczerine ya\u011fl\u0131boya tablo. Yale \u0130ngiliz Sanat Merkezi, Paul Mellon Fonu. (Kamu Kullan\u0131m\u0131na A\u00e7\u0131k)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Shakespeare\u2019in \u201cHamlet\u201dindeki \u201cOlmak ya da olmamak\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc, ne yaz\u0131k ki Shakespeare\u2019in t\u00fcm eserlerindeki en \u00fcnl\u00fc s\u00f6zd\u00fcr. \u201cNe yaz\u0131k ki\u201d diyorum \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc birka\u00e7 yanl\u0131\u015f sebepten dolay\u0131 me\u015fhur oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nsanlar bu konu\u015fmay\u0131 yo\u011fun duygular\u0131n tutkulu bir ifadesi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015flerdir. \u00d6yle de\u011fildir. \u0130nsanlar bunun Hamlet\u2019in intihara e\u011filimini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcler. G\u00f6stermiyor. \u0130nsanlar bunu oyundaki en \u00f6nemli konu\u015fma olarak ele ald\u0131lar. De\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u00f6z, do\u011fru. Ancak bu s\u00f6z, ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda okundu ve oyunun olay \u00f6rg\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamaktaki rol\u00fc g\u00f6rmezden gelindi. Bu yanl\u0131\u015flardan kaynaklanan yanl\u0131\u015f varsay\u0131mlar nedeniyle s\u00f6z\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6lgede kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olaylar\u0131 Temeli<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Hamletin melankolikli\u011fi, do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi depresif ve intihara meyilli olu\u015fundan de\u011fil, d\u00fcnya hakk\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinin alt\u00fcst olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Hamlet\u2019in hayran oldu\u011fu babas\u0131, kral, aniden \u00f6l\u00fcr. Hamlet\u2019in s\u00f6z\u00fcm ona namuslu annesi, iki aydan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde, kral\u0131n yeni kral olan sevimsiz erkek karde\u015fiyle evlenir. Hamlet babas\u0131n\u0131n hayaletini g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Hayalet ona, \u00f6z karde\u015finin Hamlet\u2019in annesine duydu\u011fu \u015fehvet ve taht h\u0131rs\u0131yla onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yler. Ve Hamlet\u2019e o cinayetin intikam\u0131n\u0131 alma g\u00f6revi verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u201cHamlet\u201d, IV. Perde, 4. Sahneden, \u201cHamlet, Horatio, Marcellus ve Hayalet\u201d. Henry Fuseli\u2019den sonra Robert Thew taraf\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k 1796\u2019da yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Metropolitan Sanat M\u00fczesi. (Kamu Kullan\u0131m\u0131na A\u00e7\u0131k)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Hamlet ilk ba\u015fta d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden harekete ge\u00e7ip kral\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek ister. Ama bunu yapmaz. Korkak oldu\u011fundan, \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ya da merhametli oldu\u011fundan de\u011fil. Bunun nedenini \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klar: Bu konu \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, hayaletin onu adaleti yerine getirmesi i\u00e7in g\u00f6revlendiren babas\u0131n\u0131n ruhu olabilece\u011fi gibi, onu k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe \u00e7eken bir \u015feytan da olabilece\u011fini fark eder. Hamlet, intikam\u0131n insanlara de\u011fil, Tanr\u0131\u2019ya ait oldu\u011funu bilmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca birisi \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ruhunun Tanr\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yarg\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve cennet ya da cehenneme g\u00f6nderilece\u011fini de bilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yani Hamlet bir ikilem i\u00e7indedir. Hayaletin verdi\u011fi g\u00f6revi yerine getirmek ister ama bunu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in lanetlenip cehenneme gitmek istemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu ikilemden kurtulmak i\u00e7in Hamlet\u2019in yapmas\u0131 gereken ilk \u015fey, hayaletin do\u011fruyu s\u00f6yleyip s\u00f6ylemedi\u011fini anlamakt\u0131r. \u015eimdiki kral, ger\u00e7ekten karde\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden su\u00e7lu mudur, de\u011fil midir? Hamlet bunu bir tiyatro oyunu oynayarak \u00f6\u011frenmeye karar verir. Hayaletin anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na benzer bir cinayeti canland\u0131racak ve kral\u0131n nas\u0131l tepki verdi\u011fini izleyecektir. Ate\u015fli bir \u015fekilde duygu y\u00fckl\u00fc, uzun bir monolo\u011fun sonunda bize sakince a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm hayalet
Bir \u015feytan olabilir ve \u015feytan her \u015fekle girebilir
Ho\u015f bir \u015fekle b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olabilir, evet ve belki de, …
Cehenneme \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in beni kand\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Daha sa\u011flam gerek\u00e7elerim olacak
Hayaletin s\u00f6zlerinden daha net gerek\u00e7eler \u2013 tiyatrodaki oyun sayesinde
Orada fare kapan\u0131 kurup, kral\u0131n vicdan\u0131n\u0131 yakalayaca\u011f\u0131m. <\/p>

(II. 2. 598-605)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Fare kapan\u0131 sahnesinde akt\u00f6rler Hamlet\u2019in babas\u0131n\u0131n cinayetini yeniden canland\u0131r\u0131rken, Hamlet amcas\u0131n\u0131n ifadesinden cinayetten su\u00e7lu oldu\u011funu anlar.  \u201cHamlet\u201d III. Perde, 2. Sahne \u201cOyun Sahnesi\u201d. Charles Rolls taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f grav\u00fcr. Yale \u0130ngiliz Sanat Merkezi, Yale. (Kamu Kullan\u0131m\u0131na A\u00e7\u0131k)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Hamlet hem a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 tutkulu, hem de sakin ve dengeli ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctme yetene\u011fine sahip, karma\u015f\u0131k bir karakterdir. Bu tutkulu monolo\u011fu, kendini sakinle\u015ftirerek ve tekrar mant\u0131kl\u0131 hale gelerek sonland\u0131r\u0131r. Sakin durumuna girer ve insanlar\u0131n genel olarak onlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrebilecek \u015feylere neden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden at\u0131lmad\u0131klar\u0131 konusunda, duygular\u0131na kap\u0131lmadan ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr. \u201cOlmak ya da olmamak\u201d konu\u015fmas\u0131 bu ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin izlerini g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Latince \u2018Quaestio\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Michele Rapisardi\u2019nin \u201cHamlet\u201di. Tuval \u00fczerine ya\u011fl\u0131boya. (Kamu Kullan\u0131m\u0131na A\u00e7\u0131k)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Konu\u015fma, Hamlet\u2019in \u00f6\u011frenci oldu\u011fu Wittenberg gibi orta\u00e7a\u011f \u00fcniversitelerinin karakteristik \u00f6zelli\u011fi olan, Latince \u201cquaestio\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir \u00e7e\u015fit entelekt\u00fcel tart\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r. \u00d6\u011frencilere sabah bir soru sorulur, g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar, ak\u015fam olunca rekt\u00f6r soruyu \u00e7\u00f6zer. Bu sorular \u00e7o\u011funlukla varsay\u0131msald\u0131r ve ahlaki, felsefi veya teolojik bir anlam\u0131 vard\u0131r \u2013 \u00f6rne\u011fin, \u201cTanr\u0131 var m\u0131?\u201d ya da \u201c\u0130nsan\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr iradesi var m\u0131?\u201d gibi. \u00d6\u011frencilerden her bir soru i\u00e7in, destekleyici ve kar\u015f\u0131t g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerde, hem lehte hem de aleyhte cevaplar vermeleri beklenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu konu\u015fmada Hamlet tam da b\u00f6yle bir \u201cquaestio\u201dya giri\u015fiyor. Var olman\u0131n m\u0131 yoksa olmaman\u0131n m\u0131 daha iyi oldu\u011funu sorguluyor. \u00d6nce var olmaman\u0131n neden daha iyi oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor: Hayat her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u0131st\u0131rapla bi\u00e7imlenir. Ard\u0131ndan insanlar\u0131n kendilerini var olmaktan alamamalar\u0131n\u0131n nedenini a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor: \u00d6l\u00fcmden sonras\u0131nda bekleyen, bilinmeyen \u0131st\u0131rap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaman\u0131n k\u0131rba\u00e7lar\u0131na ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lamalar\u0131na kim dayanabilir…
A\u011f\u0131r bir hayat\u0131n alt\u0131nda inleyip terlemeye?
Ama \u00f6l\u00fcmden sonraki bir \u015feyin korkusu,
O diyardaki ke\u015ffedilmemi\u015f \u00fclke
Kimsenin geri d\u00f6nemedi\u011fi, kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r iradeyi
Ve hastal\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131za katlanmaya raz\u0131 eder bizi
Bilmedi\u011fimiz ba\u015fka diyarlara u\u00e7maktansa.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Genel olarak insanlar, hayat\u0131n ac\u0131lar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7mak i\u00e7in kendilerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrecek bir \u015fey yapmazlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6ld\u00fcklerinde, \u00f6b\u00fcr d\u00fcnyada ba\u015flar\u0131na daha k\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u015fey gelebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026 Burada riayet etmek var
Bu da bu kadar uzun bir ya\u015fam\u0131n belas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Yani bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce vard\u0131r ki, ac\u0131 \u00e7ekenlerin bile \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzat\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0131sacas\u0131 bu konu\u015fmada Hamlet, sakin ve ak\u0131lc\u0131 bir tart\u0131\u015fma ile genel insani nedenleri ortaya koyarak, kral\u0131n su\u00e7lulu\u011funa dair daha fazla kan\u0131t olmadan kral\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeme karar\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
III. Perde, 3. Sahne\u2019de Hamlet kral\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Ta\u015fbask\u0131, 1843, Eug\u00e8ne Delacroix taraf\u0131ndan. Yale \u00dcniversitesi Sanat Galerisi, Yale. (Kamu Kullan\u0131m\u0131na A\u00e7\u0131k)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Hamlet\u2019i Anlamak<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oyunu \u00f6\u011frenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar, Hamlet\u2019in ate\u015fli patlamalar\u0131n\u0131 (ki bunlar \u00e7oktur), \u201coyundaki en \u00f6nemli konu\u015fmay\u0131\u201d (birka\u00e7 tane vard\u0131r) ve Hamlet\u2019in karakterindeki trajik sona yol a\u00e7an kusuru, ba\u015fka yerlerde aramak zorunda kalacaklard\u0131r. (Hamlet\u2019in kral\u0131n sadece \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmedi\u011fi, ayn\u0131 zamanda lanetlendi\u011finden de emin oldu\u011fu, III. Perde, 3. Sahneyi inceleyin.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u201cOlmak ya da olmamak\u201d konu\u015fmas\u0131nda Hamlet iyi bir felsefe \u00f6\u011frencisi gibi, insan halinin ger\u00e7eklerine, sakin ve ak\u0131lc\u0131 bir g\u00f6zle bak\u0131yor. Harika bir konu\u015fma ama oyunun ana konusunu i\u00e7ermiyor. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck trajedideki ahlaki ve ruhsal dram\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fc ba\u015fka yerde yatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yazan: Gideon Rappaport, The Epoch Times
\u00c7eviren: Hatice Atmaca, Epoch Times T\u00fcrkiye<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u00f6z ne anlama geliyor? Shakespeare\u2019in \u201cHamlet\u201dindeki \u201cOlmak ya da olmamak\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc, ne yaz\u0131k ki Shakespeare\u2019in t\u00fcm eserlerindeki en \u00fcnl\u00fc s\u00f6zd\u00fcr. \u201cNe yaz\u0131k ki\u201d diyorum \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc birka\u00e7 yanl\u0131\u015f sebepten dolay\u0131 me\u015fhur oldu. \u0130nsanlar bu konu\u015fmay\u0131 yo\u011fun duygular\u0131n tutkulu bir ifadesi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015flerdir. \u00d6yle de\u011fildir. \u0130nsanlar bunun Hamlet\u2019in intihara e\u011filimini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcler. G\u00f6stermiyor. \u0130nsanlar bunu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12379,"featured_media":139074,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":"","_yoast_wpseo_focuskw_text_input":""},"categories":[8206,16,6917],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nHamlet\u2019in \u2018Olmak ya da Olmamak\u2019 S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn Ard\u0131ndaki Ger\u00e7ek - The Epoch Times TR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/hamletin-olmak-ya-da-olmamak-sozunun-ardindaki-gercek\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hamlet\u2019in \u2018Olmak ya da Olmamak\u2019 S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn Ard\u0131ndaki Ger\u00e7ek - The Epoch Times TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u00f6z ne anlama geliyor? Shakespeare\u2019in \u201cHamlet\u201dindeki \u201cOlmak ya da olmamak\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc, ne yaz\u0131k ki Shakespeare\u2019in t\u00fcm eserlerindeki en \u00fcnl\u00fc s\u00f6zd\u00fcr. \u201cNe yaz\u0131k ki\u201d diyorum \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc birka\u00e7 yanl\u0131\u015f sebepten dolay\u0131 me\u015fhur oldu. \u0130nsanlar bu konu\u015fmay\u0131 yo\u011fun duygular\u0131n tutkulu bir ifadesi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015flerdir. \u00d6yle de\u011fildir. \u0130nsanlar bunun Hamlet\u2019in intihara e\u011filimini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcler. G\u00f6stermiyor. \u0130nsanlar bunu […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/hamletin-olmak-ya-da-olmamak-sozunun-ardindaki-gercek\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Epoch Times TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/theepochtimestr\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-05-25T08:29:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-02-06T17:46:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011y\/9eeca2f8f475c954cb3acfaef318dff3-1200x752-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"752\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Hatice Atmaca\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@TheEpochTimesTR\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@TheEpochTimesTR\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Hatice Atmaca\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/hamletin-olmak-ya-da-olmamak-sozunun-ardindaki-gercek#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/hamletin-olmak-ya-da-olmamak-sozunun-ardindaki-gercek\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Hatice Atmaca\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/#\/schema\/person\/a515b4166e91977b7e9f483ceb142459\"},\"headline\":\"Hamlet\u2019in \u2018Olmak ya da Olmamak\u2019 S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn Ard\u0131ndaki Ger\u00e7ek\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-05-25T08:29:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-06T17:46:09+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/hamletin-olmak-ya-da-olmamak-sozunun-ardindaki-gercek\"},\"wordCount\":1239,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/hamletin-olmak-ya-da-olmamak-sozunun-ardindaki-gercek#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011y\/9eeca2f8f475c954cb3acfaef318dff3-1200x752-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"\u00d6ne \u00c7\u0131kan\",\"SANAT ve K\u00dcLT\u00dcR\",\"Yaz\u0131n\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/hamletin-olmak-ya-da-olmamak-sozunun-ardindaki-gercek\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/hamletin-olmak-ya-da-olmamak-sozunun-ardindaki-gercek\",\"name\":\"Hamlet\u2019in \u2018Olmak ya da Olmamak\u2019 S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn Ard\u0131ndaki Ger\u00e7ek - 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