{"id":149024,"date":"2023-12-24T23:53:47","date_gmt":"2023-12-24T20:53:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/?p=149024"},"modified":"2024-08-12T11:39:18","modified_gmt":"2024-08-12T08:39:18","slug":"colde-40-yil-once-gizemli-bir-sekilde-acilan-devasa-ates-cukuru-hala-yaniyor-iste-nedeni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/colde-40-yil-once-gizemli-bir-sekilde-acilan-devasa-ates-cukuru-hala-yaniyor-iste-nedeni","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7\u00f6lde 40 Y\u0131l \u00d6nce Gizemli Bir \u015eekilde A\u00e7\u0131lan Devasa Ate\u015f \u00c7ukuru H\u00e2l\u00e2 Yan\u0131yor – \u0130\u015fte Nedeni"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Foto \/ (Antonin Vinter\/Shutterstock)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkmenistan’da “Cehennem Kap\u0131lar\u0131”n\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in, \u00e7\u00f6lde geni\u015fleyen ate\u015ften bir kraterin nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir hikayedir – belki de o, eski Sovyet b\u00f6lgesinde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Resmi ad\u0131yla Darvaza Krateri, k\u0131rk y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcredir h\u00e2l\u00e2 i\u00e7in i\u00e7in yan\u0131yor ve bu, u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z bo\u015f bir \u00e7\u00f6lde, ger\u00e7ek\u00fcst\u00fc bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir anlat\u0131ma g\u00f6re, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin yanl\u0131\u015f giden bir sondaj operasyonundan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131, tuz tabakalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6kmesi sonucu \u00e7evresel bir krize yol a\u00e7an \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeden kaynaklanan bir sonu\u00e7 oldu\u011fu iddia ediliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkmenlerin kendileri farkl\u0131 bir hikaye anlat\u0131yor. Onlarca y\u0131l \u00f6nce ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ate\u015fli krater, bir zamanlar (1960’larda) gaz ve \u00e7amurla dolup ta\u015fan bir obruktu. T\u00fcrkmenistan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n be\u015finci en b\u00fcy\u00fck do\u011fal gaz rezervine sahip olmakla \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Darvaza yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Cehennem Kap\u0131lar\u0131, T\u00fcrkmenistan. (Matyas Rehak\/Shutterstock)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Di\u011ferleri ise kay\u0131ts\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa boyun e\u011fdiler, bu fenomeni gizemle \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc bir olay olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131lar ve y\u00fcce portal\u0131n gizemini k\u00f6r\u00fcklediler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi, tehlikeli do\u011fal gaz s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 1980’lerde Sovyet m\u00fchendisler taraf\u0131ndan ate\u015flendi\u011fi konusunda hemfikir. Gaz cebinin s\u00f6nece\u011fini umuyorlard\u0131 ama g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re rezervin muazzam hacmini hafife ald\u0131lar ve gaz yanmaya devam etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar k\u0131rk y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcre boyunca hi\u00e7 durmadan yanmaya devam etti; her zaman oldu\u011fu gibi \u015fimdi de ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Sonu\u00e7, hem turistler hem de bilim insanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in muhte\u015fem bir manzara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Darvaza Krateri, T\u00fcrkmenistan’\u0131n kuzeyindeki u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z Karakum \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fc’n\u00fcn ortas\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkmen ba\u015fkenti A\u015fkabat’a yakla\u015f\u0131k 160 mil uzakl\u0131ktaki Darvaza k\u00f6y\u00fc yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz yanmaktad\u0131r. Uhrevili\u011fi ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc nedeniyle ba\u015fka bir gezegenden gelen bir \u015feye benzetilmi\u015ftir. 225 feet (69 metre) geni\u015fli\u011finde ve 99 feet (30 metre) derinli\u011findedir ve u\u00e7 b\u00f6lgeleri de dahil olmak \u00fczere neredeyse bir Amerikan futbolu sahas\u0131n\u0131 kaplayacak bir alana sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Birka\u00e7 ki\u015fi devasa cehennemin yan\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kar\u0131ncalar gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. (Antonin Vinter\/Shutterstock)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n
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Ziyaret\u00e7iler T\u00fcrkmenistan’daki Darvaza Krateri’nde geceleri alevleri seyrediyor. (Antonin Vinter\/Shutterstock)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Belli bir uzakl\u0131ktan k\u0131z\u0131l par\u0131lt\u0131ya yakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a alevlerin sesi duyulabilirken, yan\u0131k kokusu ve s\u0131cak hava r\u00fczgar\u0131n alt\u0131nda hissedilebilir. Kratere yakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a, inan\u0131lmaz s\u0131cakl\u0131k, kenar boyunca baz\u0131 noktalarda durmay\u0131 \u00e7ok zor bir hale getirir; di\u011fer yerlerde, s\u0131ca\u011fa dayanmak i\u00e7in ki\u015finin y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc korumas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kraterin duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 ve taban\u0131n\u0131 kaplayan binlerce dans eden alev, \u00e7atlaklardan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve her biri do\u011fal metan\u0131n yeralt\u0131ndan s\u0131zd\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktay\u0131 i\u015faret ediyor. Bu gaz, oksijen ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131yla birle\u015fip yanarak s\u00fcrekli alevlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Darvaza Krateri’nin k\u00f6kenleri belirsiz olsa da, \u00e7o\u011fu insan zehirli metan gaz\u0131n\u0131n tehlikeli emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n havaya yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in ate\u015flendi\u011fi konusunda hemfikir. Bu “ate\u015fleme” tekni\u011fi, bug\u00fcn petrol kuyular\u0131 ve rafinerilerin d\u00fczenli olarak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131 yakarak tehlikeli olabilecek at\u0131klardan kurtulmalar\u0131yla benzerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yang\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan duman ve karbon duman\u0131 hava kirlili\u011fine ili\u015fkin endi\u015feleri art\u0131rsa da, baz\u0131lar\u0131 metan s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck riskler olu\u015fturdu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekiyor; metan \u00e7ok daha tehlikeli ve \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir gaz. Do\u011fal gaz birikmesi, bir b\u00f6lgede b\u00fcy\u00fck periyodik patlamalara neden olabilir. Bu arada metan\u0131n kendisi de, sera etkisine en ciddi katk\u0131da bulunanlar aras\u0131nda, b\u00fcy\u00fck endi\u015fe verici bir kirletici olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Darvaza Kraterinin \u0130lk Ke\u015ffi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Profesyonel f\u0131rt\u0131na avc\u0131s\u0131 George Kourounis 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda National Geographic taraf\u0131ndan kraterin derinliklerini ke\u015ffetmesi i\u00e7in g\u00f6revlendirilene ve bunu ba\u015far\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirene kadar hi\u00e7 kimsenin yanan kraterin i\u00e7ine ayak basmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yleniyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

National Geographic’e verdi\u011fi bir r\u00f6portajda, “Oraya vard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda -e\u011fer yeri bulabilirseniz- araban\u0131zla gidebilir, araban\u0131zdan inebilir, kenara kadar y\u00fcr\u00fcyebilir ve isterseniz hemen i\u00e7ine atlayabilirsiniz” dedi. “Se\u00e7im sizin. Ve \u015fimdiye kadar bunu ger\u00e7ekten yapan tek ki\u015fi benim.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6revi mi? Kraterin baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde ya\u015fam belirtileri aramak \u00fczere \u00f6rnekler toplamak ve kavurucu iklimlerin insanlar i\u00e7in elveri\u015fsiz oldu\u011fu di\u011fer gezegenlerde ya\u015fam olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Bir adam Cehennem Kap\u0131lar\u0131’n\u0131n ate\u015fli derinliklerine bak\u0131yor. (LMspencer\/Shutterstock)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n
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Darvaza Krateri’ne a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan bak\u0131\u015f. (Matyas Rehak\/Shutterstock)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Hepsi bu ama\u00e7 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015f, \u0131s\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 bir giysi ve solunum cihaz\u0131 ile, yanmaz Kevlar’dan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f te\u00e7hizat ve halat giyen Bay Kourounis, bir ko\u015fum tak\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fland\u0131 ve krater boyunca gerilmi\u015f bir halat \u00fczerinde ilerledi. Daha sonra kendini cehennem \u00e7ukuruna indirdi ve s\u0131cak, metan bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin biyomu incelemeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“D\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p, do\u011frudan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, kelimenin tam anlam\u0131yla neredeyse ba\u015fka bir gezegen gibi” dedi ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ‘\u00e7ok g\u00fczel’, ‘ate\u015ften bir kolezyum’ oldu\u011funu ekledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Ayn\u0131 zamanda yapmam gereken o kadar \u00e7ok \u015fey vard\u0131 ki – havam\u0131 kontrol etmek, ipleri temizlemek, numune toplamak, video haz\u0131rlamak, t\u00fcm bu \u015feylerden olu\u015fan kontrol listeleri – ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok korkacak zaman\u0131n\u0131z olmuyor.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dedi ki, “Ses bir jet motoru gibiydi, k\u00fckreyen, y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131, gaz yakan bir ses. Ve hi\u00e7 duman yoktu. \u00c7ok temiz yan\u0131yor, bu y\u00fczden g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc engelleyecek hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yok.”<\/p>\n\n\n

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Ziyaret\u00e7iler Cehennem Kap\u0131lar\u0131’n\u0131n \u00e7evresi boyunca kamp kuruyor. (AlexelA\/Shutterstock)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n
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T\u00fcrkmenistan’daki Darvaza Krateri. (AlexelA\/Shutterstock)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n
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Darvaza \u00c7amur Krateri; (\u0130\u00e7te) Su Krateri. (flydime\/CC BY 3.0 DEED)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Ke\u015fif gezisinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm beklentileri a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Kraterin taban\u0131nda seyrek ama “\u00e7ok rahat” ya\u015fayan ve kraterin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunmayan baz\u0131 bakteriler buldular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bay Kourounis 2020’de BBC’ye verdi\u011fi deme\u00e7te, kraterin karanl\u0131k k\u00f6kenlerine ili\u015fkin tart\u0131\u015fmalarla ilgili olarak, ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen kraterin nas\u0131l olu\u015ftu\u011funa dair hi\u00e7bir resmi kay\u0131t ya da s\u00f6z bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Darvaza Krateri’nin benzer iki d\u00fcden olan Darvaza \u00c7amur Krateri ve Su Krateri’nin yak\u0131n\u0131nda yer almas\u0131, do\u011fal olu\u015fum hikayesini desteklemektedir. Bu kraterlerin her ikisi de, Cehennem Kap\u0131lar\u0131 gibi, s\u00fcrekli fokurdayan metan gaz\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan benzer \u015fekilde kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken, \u00c7amur Krateri zaman zaman gaz kaynakl\u0131 alevlenmelerle tutu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Looking down into the Darvaza Crater by day. (Matt Amery\/Shutterstock)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Cehennem Ge\u00e7itleri, Sovyet sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkmenistan’da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir turistik cazibe merkezi haline geldi; bu, belki de 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fal rezerv ilan edilmesinin de yard\u0131m\u0131yla oldu. 2019’da Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Gurbanguli Berdimuhamedow, devlet televizyonuna \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fcm s\u00f6ylentilerini ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in cehennem \u00e7ukurunun yan\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6rek pi\u015firdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yang\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ve deli\u011fin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla metan s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7abalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ancak o zamandan beri fikrini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi, bunun yerine buray\u0131 turistik bir cazibe merkezi haline getirdi – b\u00f6ylece Darvaza Krateri’nin alevlerinin s\u00fcresiz olarak yanmas\u0131na izin verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Haber : Michael Wing, The Epoch Times
\u00c7eviri : Tijen A.\u00c7., The Epoch Times, T\u00fcrkiye<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrkmenistan’da “Cehennem Kap\u0131lar\u0131”n\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in, \u00e7\u00f6lde geni\u015fleyen ate\u015ften bir kraterin nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir hikayedir – belki de o, eski Sovyet b\u00f6lgesinde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Resmi ad\u0131yla Darvaza Krateri, k\u0131rk y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcredir h\u00e2l\u00e2 i\u00e7in i\u00e7in yan\u0131yor ve bu, u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z bo\u015f bir \u00e7\u00f6lde, ger\u00e7ek\u00fcst\u00fc bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc olu\u015fturuyor. Bir anlat\u0131ma g\u00f6re, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13973,"featured_media":149025,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":"","_yoast_wpseo_focuskw_text_input":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[8324,8326,8325],"yoast_head":"\n\u00c7\u00f6lde 40 Y\u0131l \u00d6nce Gizemli Bir \u015eekilde A\u00e7\u0131lan Devasa Ate\u015f \u00c7ukuru H\u00e2l\u00e2 Yan\u0131yor - \u0130\u015fte Nedeni - The Epoch Times TR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/colde-40-yil-once-gizemli-bir-sekilde-acilan-devasa-ates-cukuru-hala-yaniyor-iste-nedeni\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c7\u00f6lde 40 Y\u0131l \u00d6nce Gizemli Bir \u015eekilde A\u00e7\u0131lan Devasa Ate\u015f \u00c7ukuru H\u00e2l\u00e2 Yan\u0131yor - \u0130\u015fte Nedeni - The Epoch Times TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"T\u00fcrkmenistan’da “Cehennem Kap\u0131lar\u0131”n\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in, \u00e7\u00f6lde geni\u015fleyen ate\u015ften bir kraterin nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir hikayedir – belki de o, eski Sovyet b\u00f6lgesinde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Resmi ad\u0131yla Darvaza Krateri, k\u0131rk y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcredir h\u00e2l\u00e2 i\u00e7in i\u00e7in yan\u0131yor ve bu, u\u00e7suz bucaks\u0131z bo\u015f bir \u00e7\u00f6lde, ger\u00e7ek\u00fcst\u00fc bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc olu\u015fturuyor. 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