{"id":169139,"date":"2026-07-24T16:20:33","date_gmt":"2026-07-24T13:20:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/?p=169139"},"modified":"2026-07-24T16:20:36","modified_gmt":"2026-07-24T13:20:36","slug":"lozan-baris-antlasmasinin-103-yil-donumu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/epochtimestr.com\/index.php\/lozan-baris-antlasmasinin-103-yil-donumu","title":{"rendered":"Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n 103. Y\u0131l D\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"
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24 Temmuz 1923 tarihinde Lozan Sulh Mu\u00e2heden\u00e2mesi (Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131) imzaland\u0131. (Foto\u011fraf: \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Vakf\u0131)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

24 Temmuz 1923 tarihinde Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/a> (Lozan Sulh Mu\u00e2heden\u00e2mesi) imzaland\u0131. Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131\u2019nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Edirne Mebusu \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc<\/a>, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakan\u0131 Sinop Mebusu Dr. R\u0131za Nur ve Trabzon Mebusu Hasan Saka temsil etmi\u015flerdir. 1922-1923 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131’nda m\u00fczakere edilen ve 24 Temmuz 1923’te \u0130svi\u00e7re’nin Lozan \u015fehrindeki Beau-Rivage Palace’de imzalanan bir bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda bir kurucu belgedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurucu belgesi kabul edilen Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden 103 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti. Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve o d\u00f6nem “D\u00fcvel-i Muazzama” olarak bilinen b\u00fcy\u00fck devletler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan m\u00fczakerelerde, Bo\u011fazlar \u00fczerinde egemenlik ve Musul’un durumu gibi neticelendirilemeyen meseleler de oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antla\u015fma, I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ile \u0130tilaf Devletleri aras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 resmen sona erdirdi. \u0130mzac\u0131 taraflar aras\u0131nda Britanya \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Frans\u0131z Cumhuriyeti, \u0130talya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, Japon \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Yunanistan Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, Yugoslavya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Romanya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer ald\u0131. Antla\u015fman\u0131n orijinal metinleri \u0130ngilizce ve Frans\u0131zca olarak haz\u0131rland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6lmeyi \u00f6ng\u00f6ren ancak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmeyen Sevr Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan ikinci ve kesin bar\u0131\u015f d\u00fczenlemesi oldu. Sevr Antla\u015fmas\u0131, Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa liderli\u011findeki T\u00fcrk Mill\u00ee Hareketi taraf\u0131ndan reddedildi. Yunanistan’\u0131n T\u00fcrk Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’ndaki yenilgisinden sonra T\u00fcrk kuvvetleri \u0130zmir’i geri ald\u0131. Bunun ard\u0131ndan Ekim 1922’de Mudanya Ate\u015fkes Antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzaland\u0131 ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131’n\u0131n yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131. T\u00fcrk-Yunan n\u00fcfus m\u00fcbadelesi ise Lozan’da imzalanan ayr\u0131 bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyle d\u00fczenlendi. T\u00fcrk Bo\u011fazlar\u0131’n\u0131n stat\u00fcs\u00fc de antla\u015fmada ele al\u0131nd\u0131 ve bar\u0131\u015f d\u00f6neminde ge\u00e7i\u015f esaslar\u0131 belirlendi.<\/p>\n\n\n

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(Foto\u011fraf: \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Vakf\u0131)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk<\/a> \u0130smet Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 uygun g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa Mudanya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine de kat\u0131lan \u0130smet Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n Lozan’a ba\u015f temsilci olarak g\u00f6nderilmesini uygun buldu.
\u0130smet Pa\u015fa D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na getirildi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130tilaf Devletleri Lozan’a TBMM H\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 kurmak i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’ni de davet ettiler. Bu duruma tepki g\u00f6steren TBMM H\u00fck\u00fcmeti, 1 Kas\u0131m 1922’de saltanat\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TBMM H\u00fck\u00fcmeti Lozan Konferans\u0131’na kat\u0131larak Misak-\u0131 Milli’yi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeyi, T\u00fcrkiye’de bir Ermeni devletinin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemeyi, kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 kald\u0131rmay\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye ile Yunanistan aras\u0131ndaki sorunlar\u0131 (Bat\u0131 Trakya, Ege adalar\u0131, n\u00fcfus de\u011fi\u015fimi, sava\u015f tazminat\u0131) \u00e7\u00f6zmeyi ve T\u00fcrkiye ile Avrupa devletleri aras\u0131ndaki sorunlar\u0131 (ekonomik, siyasal, hukuksal) \u00e7\u00f6zmeyi ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015f, Ermeni yurdu ve kapit\u00fclasyonlar hakk\u0131nda anla\u015fma sa\u011flanamazsa g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri kesme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

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(Foto\u011fraf: \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Vakf\u0131)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

20 Kas\u0131m 1922’de Lozan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f; Osmanl\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131, T\u00fcrk-Yunan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, bo\u011fazlar, Musul, az\u0131nl\u0131klar ve kapit\u00fclasyonlar \u00fczerinde uzun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u0130stanbul’un bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Musul konular\u0131nda anla\u015fma sa\u011flanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Temel konularda taraflar\u0131n tavize yana\u015fmamas\u0131 ve \u00f6nemli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u00fczerine 4 \u015eubat 1923’te g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin kesilmesi sava\u015f ihtimalini yeniden g\u00fcndeme getirmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fkomutan M\u00fc\u015f\u00eer Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa T\u00fcrk Ordusu’na sava\u015f haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 emretmi\u015ftir. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi e\u011fer tekrar sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131karsa bu sefer T\u00fcrkiye’nin yan\u0131nda sava\u015fa girece\u011fini duyurmu\u015ftur. Haim Nahum Efendi \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki az\u0131nl\u0131k temsilcileri de T\u00fcrkiye’yi destekleyerek arabulucu olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Yeni bir sava\u015f\u0131 ve kendi kamuoyunun tepkisini g\u00f6ze alamayan \u0130tilaf Devletleri bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerini tekrar ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye’yi tekrar Lozan’a \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taraflar aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 verilen tavizler ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler 23 Nisan 1923’te tekrar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, 23 Nisan’da ba\u015flayan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler 24 Temmuz 1923’e kadar devam etmi\u015f ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Taraf \u00fclkelerin temsilcileri aras\u0131nda imzalanan anla\u015fma, uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00fclke meclislerince onaylanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren yasalar gere\u011fince taraf \u00fclkelerin meclislerinde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan 23 A\u011fustos 1923’te, Yunanistan taraf\u0131ndan 25 A\u011fustos 1923’te, \u0130talya taraf\u0131ndan 12 Mart 1924’te, Japonya taraf\u0131ndan 15 May\u0131s 1924’te imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k’\u0131n anla\u015fmay\u0131 onaylamas\u0131 ise 16 Temmuz 1924 tarihinde olmu\u015ftur. Anla\u015fma, t\u00fcm taraflar\u0131n onaylad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair belgeler resmi olarak Paris’e iletildikten sonra, 6 A\u011fustos 1924 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n en temel sonucu, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin tam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve ulusal s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n (Misak-\u0131 Milli) uluslararas\u0131 alanda resmen tan\u0131nmas\u0131, Sevr Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n tarihe g\u00f6m\u00fclmesi ve kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131larak ekonomik egemenli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Lozan
Lozan bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri. (Foto\u011fraf: \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Vakf\u0131)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Antla\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan di\u011fer \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n \u00c7izilmesi:<\/strong> Irak s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 (Musul hari\u00e7) d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki T\u00fcrkiye-Suriye, T\u00fcrkiye-Yunanistan ve T\u00fcrkiye-Bulgaristan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Karadeniz\u2019den Iran s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na dek T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ekonomik Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k:<\/strong> Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin maliyesini ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlayan kapit\u00fclasyonlar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; \u00fclkenin bor\u00e7lar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131’dan ayr\u0131lan devletler aras\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak D\u00fcyun-\u0131 Umumiye idaresi la\u011fvedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az\u0131nl\u0131klar ve N\u00fcfus: <\/strong>T\u00fcrkiye’deki t\u00fcm gayrim\u00fcslimler T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 kabul edilerek i\u00e7i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 engellenmi\u015f; ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkiye ile Yunanistan aras\u0131nda zorunlu n\u00fcfus m\u00fcbadelesi (de\u011fi\u015fimi) ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bo\u011fazlar: <\/strong>Bo\u011fazlar, ba\u015fkan\u0131 T\u00fcrk olan uluslararas\u0131 bir komisyon taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmek \u00fczere silahtan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ge\u00e7i\u015f serbestisi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Bu durum daha sonra 1936 Montr\u00f6 Bo\u011fazlar S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile T\u00fcrkiye lehine tamamen de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adalar:<\/strong> Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131 ile, Yunan H\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Midilli, Sak\u0131z, Sisam ve Nikarya adalar\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir deniz \u00fcss\u00fc ve hi\u00e7bir istihk\u00e2m kurulmayacakt\u0131r. Yunan, sava\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131 ve \u00f6teki hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n Anadolu k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki topraklar \u00fczerinde u\u00e7mas\u0131 yasaklanacakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Kaynak: \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Vakf\u0131-Ankara \u00dcniversitesi SBF Dergisi<\/em>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

24 Temmuz 1923 tarihinde Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131 (Lozan Sulh Mu\u00e2heden\u00e2mesi) imzaland\u0131. Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131\u2019nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Edirne Mebusu \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakan\u0131 Sinop Mebusu Dr. R\u0131za Nur ve Trabzon Mebusu Hasan Saka temsil etmi\u015flerdir. 1922-1923 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131’nda m\u00fczakere edilen ve 24 Temmuz 1923’te \u0130svi\u00e7re’nin Lozan \u015fehrindeki Beau-Rivage Palace’de imzalanan bir bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12791,"featured_media":169140,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131 24 Temmuz 1923'te \u0130svi\u00e7re'nin Lozan \u015fehrindeki Beau-Rivage Palace'de imzalanan bir bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r.","_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":"","_yoast_wpseo_focuskw_text_input":""},"categories":[5,1,8138,8420,37],"tags":[11884,11885,11883,3542,11882,11886],"yoast_head":"\nLozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131'n\u0131n 103. 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