Afganistan tarihinin \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinden biri olan 1920\u2019li y\u0131llarda, \u201cTopal Molla\u201d ad\u0131yla tan\u0131nan bir dini \u015fahsiyet etraf\u0131nda geli\u015fti\u011fi anlat\u0131lan olaylar, dini n\u00fcfuzun ve siyasi propagandan\u0131n bir toplum \u00fczerindeki etkisini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Topal Molla, 1920 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Afganistan\u2019da bir tekke kurmu\u015f ve k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede geni\u015f bir m\u00fcrit kitlesi toplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Takip\u00e7ilerinin birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde y\u00fcz binlerce ki\u015fiye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f, ard\u0131ndan da Kral Emanullah Han y\u00f6netimine kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flayan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klarda \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Emanullah Han, Afganistan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeye ve \u00fclkesini modernle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir h\u00fck\u00fcmdard\u0131. \u00d6zellikle e\u011fitim, hukuk, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n toplumsal konumu ve devlet kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n yenilenmesi konusunda reformlar yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Bu de\u011fi\u015fimler Afgan toplumunun tamam\u0131nda ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kabul g\u00f6rmedi. Geleneksel g\u00fc\u00e7 merkezleriyle h\u00fck\u00fcmet aras\u0131ndaki gerilim giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc ve sonunda \u00fclke ciddi bir siyasi krize s\u00fcr\u00fcklendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Topal Molla hakk\u0131nda anlat\u0131lanlar\u0131n en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise Emanullah Han\u2019\u0131n \u00fclkesini terk etti\u011fi s\u0131rada ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenen kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131r. Anlat\u0131lanlara g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgesinde kral\u0131n yan\u0131na yakla\u015fan bir ki\u015fi ona kendisini tan\u0131y\u0131p tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorar. Ard\u0131ndan, y\u0131llard\u0131r halk aras\u0131nda din adam\u0131 ve \u00f6nder olarak tan\u0131nan Topal Molla oldu\u011funu, Afganistan\u2019daki g\u00f6revinin sona erdi\u011fini ve art\u0131k \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye d\u00f6nece\u011fini s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Emanullah Han ise onun kimli\u011fini ve \u0130ngilizler ad\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fini, fakat halk\u0131 bu konuda ikna edemedi\u011fini s\u00f6yler. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc toplum \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir dini ve sosyal n\u00fcfuz elde eden bir ki\u015finin ger\u00e7ek amac\u0131n\u0131 sorgulatmak, onu do\u011frudan su\u00e7lamaktan \u00e7ok daha zor oldu\u011funu fark etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hik\u00e2yenin devam\u0131nda Topal Molla\u2019n\u0131n sar\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p sakal\u0131n\u0131 kesti\u011fi, geleneksel g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc terk ederek Bat\u0131l\u0131 k\u0131yafetler giydi\u011fi ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm, hik\u00e2yenin tarihsel bir belgeden ziyade zaman i\u00e7inde \u015fekillenmi\u015f bir siyasi rivayet olabilece\u011fini de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu hik\u00e2yenin T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli taraf\u0131 ise Emanullah Han\u2019\u0131n Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele d\u00f6neminde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi yak\u0131nl\u0131kt\u0131r. Afganistan, TBMM H\u00fckumeti ile diplomatik ili\u015fkiler kuran ilk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclkelerden biri olmu\u015f; 1921 y\u0131l\u0131nda imzalanan T\u00fcrk-Afgan Dostluk Antla\u015fmas\u0131 iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin \u00f6nemli bir a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Emanullah Han, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesini ve modernle\u015fme anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131ndan takip etmi\u015f, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi kendi \u00fclkesi i\u00e7in de \u00f6rnek al\u0131nabilecek bir model olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Afganistan\u2019dan Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019ye y\u00f6nelik maddi ve manevi destek de bu yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sembollerinden biri olmu\u015ftur. Afgan halk\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yard\u0131m kampanyalar\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n da ziynet e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle Emanullah Han\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye ile kurdu\u011fu yak\u0131n ili\u015fkiler, d\u00f6nemin \u0130ngiliz \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da dikkat \u00e7ekici bir geli\u015fmeydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Topal Molla hik\u00e2yesinin bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in as\u0131l d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc taraf\u0131 ise yaln\u0131zca bir ki\u015finin ajan olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir. Daha geni\u015f anlamda mesele, dini veya siyasi bir kimli\u011fin toplum \u00fczerindeki etkisinin nas\u0131l kullan\u0131labilece\u011fidir. Bir insan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 dini ifadeler veya toplumdaki itibar\u0131, onun ger\u00e7ek niyetlerinin kan\u0131t\u0131 de\u011fildir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde bir ki\u015fiyi su\u00e7lamak da tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli de\u011fildir; iddialar\u0131n belge, kaynak ve tarih\u00ee verilerle ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu nedenle Topal Molla anlat\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilecek en \u00f6nemli ders: sorgulamadan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k yerine ak\u0131l, ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve ele\u015ftirel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin \u00f6nemidir. Tarih boyunca toplumlar, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc s\u00f6ylemlere sahip ki\u015filerin etkisiyle b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fimler ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu de\u011fi\u015fimlerin do\u011fru anla\u015f\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in ki\u015filere de\u011fil, onlar\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131na, kulland\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlere ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7lara bakmak gerekir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Afganistan tarihinin \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinden biri olan 1920\u2019li y\u0131llarda, \u201cTopal Molla\u201d ad\u0131yla tan\u0131nan bir dini \u015fahsiyet etraf\u0131nda geli\u015fti\u011fi anlat\u0131lan olaylar, dini n\u00fcfuzun ve siyasi propagandan\u0131n bir toplum \u00fczerindeki etkisini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Topal Molla, 1920 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Afganistan\u2019da bir tekke kurmu\u015f ve k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede geni\u015f bir m\u00fcrit kitlesi toplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Takip\u00e7ilerinin birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde y\u00fcz binlerce ki\u015fiye […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14015,"featured_media":167735,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Topal Molla","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Afganistan tarihinde \u201cTopal Molla\u201d, dini n\u00fcfuzun ve siyasi propagandan\u0131n toplum \u00fczerindeki etkisini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.","_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":"","_yoast_wpseo_focuskw_text_input":""},"categories":[11512],"tags":[11729,11752],"yoast_head":"\n